Vitamins
Vitamin B1 - Thiamine
Introduction to Vitamin B1
Vitamin B1 (thiamine) is a water-soluble vitamin crucial for carbohydrate metabolism and energy production (1). Found in whole grains, pork, and legumes, thiamine plays a role in supporting brain function and energy metabolism, which are important for overall cognitive processes (2).
Role in Brain Health
Thiamine supports the energy metabolism of neurons by contributing to ATP production, which is necessary for their normal function (1, 3). It also supports the health of glial cells, which play a protective and supportive role in the brain (4). Thiamine contributes to neurotransmitter synthesis and protects against oxidative stress in the brain (5).
Axolt Formulation Principles
Axolt’s formulation includes Vitamin B1 (thiamine) to support neuronal energy metabolism, neurotransmitter synthesis, and glial cell health (1-5). Thiamine plays a role in providing ATP for neurons, supporting normal oxidative processes, and contributing to blood-brain barrier function (1).
Core Benefits and Claims
- Neurons: Supports energy production, contributing to normal cellular function (1).
- Neurochemicals: Plays a role in neurotransmitter synthesis to support normal signaling (1, 3).
- Glial Cells: Maintains glial cell energy metabolism (4).
- Healthy Gut: Contributes to carbohydrate metabolism, which supports normal gut-brain communication (6).
Resources
1. Mrowicka M, Mrowicki J, Dragan G, Majsterek I. The importance of thiamine (vitamin B1) in humans. Biosci Rep. 2023 Oct 31;43(10):BSR20230374. doi: 10.1042/BSR20230374. PMID: 37389565; PMCID: PMC10568373.
2. Liu D, Ke Z, Luo J. Thiamine Deficiency and Neurodegeneration: the Interplay Among Oxidative Stress, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, and Autophagy. Mol Neurobiol. 2017 Sep;54(7):5440-5448. doi: 10.1007/s12035-016-0079-9. Epub 2016 Sep 5. PMID: 27596507; PMCID: PMC5337452.
3. Calderón-Ospina CA, Nava-Mesa MO. B Vitamins in the nervous system: Current knowledge of the biochemical modes of action and synergies of thiamine, pyridoxine, and cobalamin. CNS Neurosci Ther. 2020 Jan;26(1):5-13. doi: 10.1111/cns.13207. Epub 2019 Sep 6. PMID: 31490017; PMCID: PMC6930825.
4. Sambon M, Wins P, Bettendorff L. Neuroprotective Effects of Thiamine and Precursors with Higher Bioavailability: Focus on Benfotiamine and Dibenzoylthiamine. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 May 21;22(11):5418. doi: 10.3390/ijms22115418. PMID: 34063830; PMCID: PMC8196556.
5. Katz A, Brosnahan SB, Papadopoulos J, Parnia S, Lam JQ. Pharmacologic neuroprotection in ischemic brain injury after cardiac arrest. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2022 Jan;1507(1):49-59. doi: 10.1111/nyas.14613. Epub 2021 May 31. PMID: 34060087.
6. Abdul-Muneer PM, Alikunju S, Schuetz H, Szlachetka AM, Ma X, Haorah J. Impairment of Thiamine Transport at the GUT-BBB-AXIS Contributes to Wernicke's Encephalopathy. Mol Neurobiol. 2018 Jul;55(7):5937-5950. doi: 10.1007/s12035-017-0811-0. Epub 2017 Nov 11. PMID: 29128903; PMCID: PMC9420083.
